How is "ampacity" defined in electrical terms?

Ampacity refers specifically to the maximum amount of electrical current, measured in amperes, that a conductor or a device can carry continuously without exceeding its temperature rating. This is critical for ensuring the safe operation of electrical systems, as carrying too much current can lead to overheating, insulation failure, and potential fire hazards.

When designing electrical systems or selecting conductors, it's essential to consider ampacity to prevent the risks associated with excessive current flow. Factors affecting ampacity include the conductor's material (copper or aluminum), its size (gauge), insulation type, ambient temperature, and installation conditions. Thus, the understanding of ampacity is fundamental for electricians and electrical engineers in making safe and effective electrical installations.