What is the function of a transformer in an electrical system?

The function of a transformer in an electrical system primarily involves converting voltage levels. Transformers achieve this by using two or more coils of wire wrapped around a magnetic core. When alternating current flows through one coil, it creates a magnetic field that induces a voltage in the second coil. This allows for increasing (stepping up) or decreasing (stepping down) the voltage levels as needed for efficient power distribution.

Transformers are crucial in the transmission and distribution of electricity because they enable the efficient transfer of electrical energy over long distances. High voltage is used for transmission to reduce energy loss, while lower voltage is more suitable for safe usage in residential and commercial applications. Thus, the ability of transformers to change voltage levels is vital for the overall effectiveness and safety of electrical systems. Other functions like storing energy or measuring electrical loads are performed by different components, and while grounding is important for safety, it is not a function served by transformers.