What is the primary function of a circuit breaker?

The primary function of a circuit breaker is to protect electrical circuits from overloads and short circuits. This component plays a crucial role in electrical safety by interrupting the flow of electricity when it detects an abnormal condition, such as a surge in current that could potentially lead to overheating and fires.

When a circuit experiences an overload, the current flow exceeds the breaker's rated capacity, causing it to "trip" and open the circuit—thereby preventing damage to wires and connected devices. Similarly, in the case of a short circuit, where there is an unintended path for electrical current, the circuit breaker reacts quickly to disconnect power and reduce the risk of hazardous situations.

This protective feature makes circuit breakers essential for maintaining the safe operation of electrical systems within residential, commercial, and industrial settings.